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CT Imaging of Tumor Vasculature (MIP)

Queen Mary's, London | Mouse, CT only, Enhanced CT, Segmentation

		Comments
		A two-part image is presented displaying the results of whole-body and focused CT imaging of vasculature in a mouse. Imaging was performed after introduction of MICROFIL, a radio-opaque compound, to the vasculature system. Whole-body image data were acquired in 12 minutes. Crosshairs indicate the location of the tumor on the left shoulder. After excision, the tumor (17mm axial extent) was re-imaged in 9 minutes. Cone-beam filtered back projection with a Shepp Logan filter and 50-micron voxels was chosen for reconstruction. Special thanks to Julie Foster and Saba Salman of Queen Mary's. Volume rendering: [151] Slice view of entire mouse: [152]
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inviCRO Onion Model: Oncology

University of New Mexico | Mouse, SPECT/CT, Tc-99m, Animation, Segmentation

		Comments
		The results of an automated tumor segmentation of a mouse using inviCRO's digital scalpel powered by Definiens. The layered model or "onion" model is generated via topographical thinning or "peeling" of the segmented tumor. The four scenes are comprised of (left-to-right) an X-Ray CT (used to segment the tumor), the CT plus related SPECT data of the entire animal, the CT plus SPECT of the segmented tumor only (different color scale), and the CT plus inviCRO's onion model of the segmented tumor. This model, applicable to various imaging fields (see [148]), allows to analyze uptake within an organ. Special thanks to Ben Gershman, University of New Mexico and Dr. Jacob Hesterman, Bioscan for their support.
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inviCRO Onion Model: Respiratory analysis

inviCRO, Boston | Rat, SPECT/CT, Tc-99m, Segmentation

		Comments
		A three-part animation displaying the results of an automated lung segmentation of a rat using the newly developed inviCRO digital scalpel powered by Definiens. The layered model or "onion" model of the lung is then generated via topographical thinning or "peeling" of the segmented lung. Application of this model to the image data allows for automated, quantifiable deposition of the relevant radiopharmaceutical in the lung. The three scenes are comprised of an X-Ray CT/Onion model fusion, SPECT/CT and lastly SPECT/Onion model.
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CT-based brain segmentation in a mouse (slices)

inviCRO, Boston | Mouse, CT only, Animation, Segmentation

		Comments
		Exemplary segmentation of a mouse brain using the CT component of a NanoSPECT/CT image only. On the left hand side, the original CT slices are shown, while the right images displays a fusion with the four different classifications of this image (background=gray, body=red, bone=white, brain=yellow). Such classified anatomical data can subsequently be used to isolate organs from other modalities and thus achieve very precise and reliable information on, for instance, uptake. See [141] for further details. InviCRO offers tools for automated segmentation for this and many other applications.
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Aerosol lung deposition in a mouse (Volume rendering)

CNRS, Orleans | Mouse, SPECT/CT, Tc-99m

		Comments
		Approximately 150uCi (in 50uL) of stannous colloids labeled with Tc-99m were nebulized into the lungs of a normal FVB mouse with a microsprayer. Image data were acquired using a high-resolution, whole body multi-pinhole (9) aperture over 18 minutes, beginning approximately 15 minutes post-administration. A fully 3D volume rendering of the SPECT/CT data is shown. Images courtesy of Alain Le Pape, CNRS, Orleans, France
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Automatic Tumor segmentation in Mouse (Volume rendering)

inviCRO, Boston | Mouse, SPECT/CT, Tc-99m, Segmentation

		Comments
		Example of an automated tumor segmentation in a mouse using Definiens' Developer XD software. On the left, a volume rendering of the mouse torso (CT in grayscale, SPECT in NIH Fire 2) is shown, while on the right hand side, the tumor was isolated using inviCRO's digital scalpel tool. The segmentation rule set provided by the Boston-based contract research organization finds the tumor based on its characteristics in the anatomical CT only. This approach not only allows a very precise volume measurement (including necrotic parts of the tumor), but also delivers highly consistent estimates of the tumor uptake from the SPECT image. SPECT and CT images generated on Bioscan's NanoSPECT/CT. Please note, that different SPECT color scales where used in the left and right movie. Special thanks to Dr. Hesterman (Bioscan) for his support in data pre-processing and image generation. The mouse image is courtesy of Ben Gershman (Univ. New Mexico).
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Inhalant aerosol imaging in a rat (automatic segmenation of lungs)

inviCRO, Boston | Rat, CT only, Segmentation

		Comments
		To analyze the aerosol images shown in [131] and [133], inviCRO developed a segmentation rule set for Definiens' Developer XD software. This does not only allow for very precise and consistent segmentation of a single image, but can easily be used for batch-processing of an array of images. The CT-only based segmentation delivers valuable anatomical information to analyze the information gained from the SPECT scans. To isolate the lungs from the rest of the image, inviCRO used their digital scalpel. Special thanks to Ky Harlin (inviCRO, LLC) for the image processing. For additional details on the mouse data, please see above links.
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Tri-modality rat brain data: Application of CT brain segmentation

inviCRO, Boston | Rat, SPECT/CT, MRI, I-125, Segmentation

		Comments
		A tri-modality (grayscale MRI, green SPECT, NIH Fire2 CT) MIP of a rat brain acquired by inviCRO at the Center for Translational Neuroimaging in the newly created imaging facility at Northeastern University. A rule set (written in the Definiens Developer package) was applied to the CT data to automatically segment the brain and bones. The resulting segmentation was used in inviCRO's digital scalpel to isolate brain from the MR and SPECT data with anatomical reference supplied by the bone CT data. The MRI (100umx100umx500um, 30min acq.) was acquired on a 7T Bruker magnet using a spin-echo sequence (RARE) comprised of 50 slices with 6 averages. The SPECT (600um voxels, 30min acq.) and CT (400um voxels, 4.5min acq.) images were generated on a NanoSPECT/CT. 400 uCi of I125-beta-CIT (a dopamine and serotonin transporter imaging agent) was injected 4.5 hours prior to the SPECT study. After this process, the image data is now ready for futher analysis, such as estimating uptake in different regions of the brain. The unsegmented data can be found in [139] and [138]. Special thanks to Dr. Hesterman (Bioscan) for the data processing. [Tracer Details]
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Tri-modality rat brain data: Transverse slices of brain segmentation

inviCRO, Boston | Rat, SPECT/CT, MRI, I-125, Segmentation

		Comments
		The transverse slices of rat brain data with MRI (grayscale), CT (NIH Fire 2), and SPECT (green) acquired by inviCRO at the Center for Translational Neuroimaging in the newly created imaging facility at Northeastern University (using a 7R Bruker magnet and Bioscan's NanoSPECT/CT). Please see entry [141] for further details. The unsegmented data can be found in [139] and [138]. [Tracer Details]
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Tc-99m-pertechnetate Mouse SPECT/CT scan

Frangioni Lab./Longwood SAIF | Mouse, SPECT/CT, Tc-99m

		Comments
		Shown is a medium-resolution SPECT/CT from a wild-type CD-1 mouse injected with sodium Tc-99m-pertechnetate (Tc-99m-Ptnt), an isotope that recapitulates iodide uptake in cells and tissues. Tc-99m-Ptnt is an inexpensive, readily-available reagent that can be used in conjunction with expression of the NaI symporter to track cells and to quantify viral expression of transgenes in vivo. Four hours after injection of 1 mCi of Tc-99m-Ptnt, the thyroid gland and stomach, which have high endogenous expression of the NaI symporter, demonstrate dramatic uptake relative to other tissues and organs. The SPECT/CT image shown was created using a 30-minute acquisition and 30-minute reconstruction, although similar image quality can be obtained with shorter acquisition and reconstruction times. Please see http://www.longwoodsaif.org/ for more details.
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